- Emphasizes the situational contingency of maturity, or “readiness,” of followers.
- Readiness is the extent to which people have the ability and willingness to accomplish a specific task.
- Leader style and follower readiness.
- A telling style is best for low readiness.
- A selling style is best for low to moderate readiness.
- A participating style is best for moderate to high readiness.
- A delegating style is best for high readiness.
- Substitutes for leadership.
- Sometimes hierarchical leadership makes essentially no difference.
- Substitutes for leadership make a leader’s influence either unnecessary or redundant.
- Examples of leadership substitutes.
- Individuals’ experience, ability, and training.
- Individuals’ professional orientation.
- Highly structured/routine jobs.
- Intrinsically satisfying jobs.
- Cohesive work group.
- Examples of leadership neutralizers.
- Individual indifference toward organizational rewards.
- Low leader position power.
- Physical separation of leader